From this article, you will learn everything about knee joint disease: what it is, for what reason it arises, what is the manifestations at different stages.How to treat it, how to prevent a disease.
Gonartrosis is a degenerative disease of joints, in which the destruction of cartilage occurs, damaging muscles and ligaments, and deformation of the bone.
The disease occurs mainly after 40 years (12-16% of people of this age are sick).Women are sick more often than men.The disease suffers from athletes and serious labor participants.
Gonartrosis grows gradually and comes with the appearance of joint pain:
- General mobility decreases;
- Bones and cartilage develop, interfere with the normal activity of joints.
Over time, this leads to completely motionless of joints.No treatment, disease leads to defects.
Conservative therapy of knee joint disease can only be at the stage of initial process development (1 and 2), which allows you to slow down, suspend the development of the pathology.
With the progression of the disease, treatment is only surgery.Completely (100%) to eliminate pathology can only be equal to endrosthetic - replacing knee joints.
Injury specialists and other doctors are involved in the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis of the knee joint.According to the testimony, a consultant of the rheumatism was appointed.Symptoms of the disease can also be detected by a sports doctor.
Causes of the disease and types
Depending on the stimulating factor, 2 varieties of knee arthritis are distinguished:
Primary School (INET)
This type of muscle disease affects middle -aged and the elderly.Initial stages were diagnosed after 40 years and at the age of over 70, Gonarthrosis was detected in 60% of people.Typically, 2 joints are affected at the same time.
Nguyen Phat arthritis occurs due to changes in the body with age, impaired blood circulation and slowed during metabolism.The risk of growth increases with obesity and sedentary lifestyle.
Secondary
Secondary - can appear in one person of all ages and beat both joints at the same time and 1.
The reasons are:
- Strong load on the foot.
- Ligament injury, knee cartilage, internal fracture.
- Diseases in which metabolic processes (parathyroid disorders, diabetes, hemochromatosis, Vilson disease, gout, mucopolysacaridosis and other diseases) are interrupted.
- Connective tissue disease.
- Inflammation (inflammation of infection and no infection and arthritis), hemophilia (a rare genetic disease associated with weak blood clotting).
Next, we will analyze more details about it - Arthrosis of the knee joint, its extent, the changes begin in tissues during the pathology.
Symptoms and three stages of the disease
With the development of the disease, cartilage begins to become thinner due to strong load or lack of nutrients in it.This causes bone friction into the knee joint.
Erosion on bone tissue is formed as a protective reaction of the body - the formation of growth on it begins.All of these factors lead to knee deformation and its ability to move limited.
Symptoms of knee arthritis in 3 stages:
| Stage | Clinical signs | The processes occur in the joints |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |
It may flow asymptomatic POYACITY on the knee in the morning, during squatting, when going up the stairs, after long load and body temperature, maybe Hardness appears in the morning at the knee Synovite can develop - an accumulation in the joint of the liquid, which must be removed by using perforation (a hole of the compartment with its liquid and fence). |
The cartilage surface becomes rough and dry Cracks and ulcers are formed on it |
| 2 |
The pain that appears or even the result of a light load and becomes more pronounced by positive walking The foot is completely bent, the periods of periodic crisis The knee expanded visually The risk of epidemic inflammation increases further |
To respond to the increased loads on the joints, it seems to be flat The formation of bone cells begins - Bone growth The fluid liquid becomes thicker and less nutritious The destruction processes in cartilage are accelerated |
| 3 |
The pain is in the wild and pursuing the patient even when resting Both both bend fully and fully expand the knee is impossible The mass of the joint increases Walking is difficult, many people start using crutches or a stick Valgus deformation of the foot (installation of X -shaped foot) or changing deformation (O -shaped settings of the leg) may appear |
There is almost no cartilage The bone is deformed and "clicks on each other, leading to limiting mobility in the joints |
Acute
Acute arthritis of knee joints is the time when the disease progresses faster and brilliantly manifested clinically.
They can lead to worse:
- Load too hard on joints;
- Lower body temperature;
- do not perform with the diet as prescribed;
- injury.
Sometimes Gonarthrosis starts deeply, as if to skip the first stage.This may be due to knee injuries.
Diagnose
If you notice a constraint in the morning or after a long time of sitting, as well as pain when going down the stairs or squatting - this may be a sign of a stage of Gonarthrosis.
For accurate diagnosis, come to an appointment with a therapist, who will guide you to a orthopedic doctor or other doctor.
Before treating osteoarthritis or gonartrosis, the doctor will conduct initial tests and feel about joints, and also direct:
- X -ray - will help assess the status of joints;
- Ultrasound - will allow us to determine whether the inflammatory process is present at the same time.
Treatment method
With knee muscle disease, its symptoms and treatment are connected to each other, because many treatments for the purpose of eliminating worrying characteristics and improving the quality of human life.
Receiving drugs, diets and physical therapy:
- Slow the process of destroying more in cartilage;
- Prevent the transformation of the disease to the more forgotten stage.
Unable to completely cure the disease, but you can suspend, slow down the growth of pathology.
Diet
The purpose of observing a diet is to slow down the progression of the disease.
What you need to add to the menu and what needs to be excluded:
| Useful products | Product products |
|---|---|
| Rabbits, turkey, chicken, dairy products, eggs (no more than 3 pieces per day and preferably without yolk) - acting as a source of protein |
Fatty meat, sausage, sausage - leads to an increase in body weight, creates an additional load on the joint, and also prevents the normal formation of the epidemic fluid |
| Fish, especially red varieties, are rich in omega-3 |
Flour, sweet, mayonnaise, fast food - Products contribute to a collection of excess weight |
| Jelly, welding from broth on bones, gelatin - containing chondroitin and collagen, contributing to the formation of new cartilage tissue |
White cabbage, tomato, bulgaria pepper, eggplant, according to some versions, contains collagen and chondroitin destruction substances - Muslim construction bricks for cartilage tissue However, a number of studies rejected their harm to arthritis |
| Complex rice, millet, and buckwheat with carbohydrates, contributing to the formation of epidemic liquids |
Egg yolks, cod liver - Increasing the risk of gout is developing |
| Cottage cheese, cheese - Calcium source |
Coffee - Lens from the body is useful for bones and calcium joints |
| Apple, broccoli, beans, pumpkin, zucchini, parsley, dill, cucumber, carrots, celery, spinach, cereal, grapes, grapefruit, pomegranate Saturation with beneficial substances for joints |
Alcohol - violates normal nutrition and metabolic processes in joints |
| Water (1.5 liters2 liters per day) - Helps normalize metabolism in the body and especially Juice (fruits and vegetables are listed above) |
Salt - can lead to serious |
Physical training
If you have developed knee joint disease, medical exercises will become every day.Special exercises help stimulate blood circulation in the joints, which will prevent further destruction processes in cartilage.Physical education will also increase the ability to move the knee affected and prevent pain.However, any gymnastics is contraindicated during the acute process of the disease.
Exercise for knee treatment of Dr. Evdokimenko
The purpose of this therapeutic gymnastics complex is to tie the muscles surrounding the joint without loading it.Evdokimenko's method of equipment shows very good results for knee muscle disease.
Exercise:
- Lying on the stomach, stretching your legs, your arms on the connection lines.Increases the floor to a height of 15 cm straight, tightening the buttocks and muscles of the thigh.Hold this foot position for 30-40 seconds.Lower it.Repeat motion with each leg once.
- Lift your legs straight on the floor to 15 cm, hold it for 1-3 seconds.Return to the original position (IP).Perform 10-12 repeats for each leg.
- Bend knees 90 degrees.Raise the bent to a height of 10 cm from the floor and hold it for 30-40 seconds.Perform this motion with each leg once.Then repeat the same exercise, but with a delay at 1-3 seconds each.Perform 10-12 repeats of each leg.
- Lift your legs straight on the floor 10-15 cm.Dilute them to the sides and bring them back.Do not lower your feet to the floor, performing 8 times.In this case, the muscles of the thigh will work as much as possible.
- Lying on one side.Bend your lower leg into the knee.Leave straight, lift 45 degrees on the floor.Hold it in this way for 30-40 seconds.Do one exercise once on each leg.
- Sit on the chair.Increase the maximum settings at your knee.Hold it for 30 seconds.Lift each leg 2-4 times.
- Stand up.Lean back to the chair.Standing on socks.In 30-60 seconds.Back to IP.
- Standing on socks, holding in this position for 1-3 seconds.Back to IP.Repeat the motion 10-12 times.
- Right foot on the floor.Stand on the socks of the left leg.Climb smoothly with your right foot, and lower your left heel to the floor.Roll up like that 10-12 times.
The author's physical education is higher than the previous work.It can only be in the first signs of Gonarthrosis.Before you start doing yourself, be sure to consult your doctor.
If you feel intense pain when making movements, stop them immediately.
Surgical method
Because it is impossible to cure the knee joint by completely conservative methods, in serious cases, doctors use operating methods.
One of the most effective - Endoprosthetic of the knee joint, meaning replacing the rubbing surfaces of the artificial joint.
The recovery time after Endoprosthetic is from 3 to 6 months.
Such surgical interventions are also performed:
- Artroplasty - Cosmetic surgery to restore the normal structure of the joint;
- Adjustable bone removal - The adjustment of Valgus or Varus deformation of the leg, can occur with advanced progressive forms.
Folk remedies
Products manufactured at home can serve as a great addition to traditional therapy.
However, before treating knee joints using folk remedies, consult your doctor, because some natural ingredients may have contraindicated or not combined with the drugs you have prescribed.
Here are a few effective recipes, have been checked for time:
- B Beef and knee nails - contributing to the recovery of cartilage.Boil them for a few hours.Drink 100 ml of broth before each meal.
- Honey, apple cider vinegar - reduce swelling and pain.Mix the components in the ratio of 3 to 1. In the evening, perform compression, apply for 30 minutes.
- Jerusalem artichoke - helps reduce a pain.Pour 350 g of crushed leaves and topnamic stems 2 l boiling water.Cool to room temperature.Moisten a piece of gauze in the infusion and put a joint.
Prevent
Preventive measures are very simple:
- Participate in physical education, but not overloaded your knee.Never run on asphalt.Special path or appropriate bait to run.
- Avoid knee injuries or timely treatment.For bruises and sprains, immediately contact the injured doctor and follow all its recommendations.
- Eat correctly.
- Refuse bad habits.
Forecast
Arthrosis is an indispensable disease completely cure with conservative methods.
However, do not despair.Provided to comply with all the doctor's recommendations, you can avoid complications, relieve pain and improve the amplitude of the movements in the joints.
Do not postpone an expert visit, because in the later stage, this disease can lead to deformation of the foot and defects.Modern medicine quickly treated.